2 VERY OLD PIX
SHOPTALK: The pic on the shoptop this week is one the earliest I’ve ever seen of the Evangelical and (German) Reformed church (still) located on the northwest side of Grand and Ohio streets.
Sometime between 1890 and 1900 a survey discovered that the church was sitting a few feet out on Grand Street so the building was raised and moved back several feet to its current location. During that move a basement (i.e. Fellowship Hall) was added.
This photo predated that move and electric lighting in the village (as the oil lamp on the corner testifies). The house (right / north) of the church was the church parsonage.
While I’ve seen (and used) this pic in another page on-line I developed this particular print one from one of my grandfather’s glass negatives. I had to shoot two pix to make this one and I also cleaned up the skyline some with digital software.
On my home desktop this week is a very old pic of Vermilion’s harbor (looking north). The tank like thing in the photo is the old limekiln that once sat along the river. The building just south of the kiln is Tom Ball’s boathouse – and the other buildings belonged to Kishman Fish. On the right side of the river are the Ferryboat landings and canoe / boat rental shacks (now the Vermilion Lagoon area).
I have some theories regarding the way folks once crossed the river years ago. The ferryboats are a given. But I’m thinking that the road from the east ran through what we now know as Linwood Park and then down the hill parallel to the lakefront where there would’ve probably been some dry ground year round where the ferry was stationed. [NOTE: Bear in mind, again, that that’s all speculation on my part.]
In the past I vaguely recall reading a story about the remnants of an old pontoon-like bridge being found beneath the river. I believe one of the Horton men wrote the piece but I can’t recall his first name. He was one of Vermilion’s earlier historians and wrote some for the NEWS.
UPCOMING STUFF: I’ve several projects in mind for the museum in the future. One is that of creating a photo gallery show of old Vermilion area photographs.
Currently I’ve over 300 of my grandfather’s glass negatives developed and cataloged. I’ve never taken a specific count but I expect to end up with around 500. If I discount family reunion type pix I might have at least 500 pix that were taken in Milan, Lorain and Vermilion from about 1897 to 1946.
Not all were my grandfather’s pix. Not all are glass. Some are film. Some are color slides. And some are photos taken by other local photographers. But I have been able to identify most. What I want to do is make large prints of some of them and let the general public take a look at them.
I want to do this because I doubt that I’d be able to use all of them in the newspaper or online if I lived to be 150 years old. And they’re really great pictures (if you’re interested in local history).
So stay in touch.
MUSEUM DOVES:Several weeks ago I purchased a Boston Fern to hang on the porch over the entrance to the museum. One day I went out to water it and was startled by a Morning Dove that had apparently taken up residence. [I believe I had her pic on the page not too long ago.]
Yesterday (06/11/2015) I looked out the window and saw two birds on the fern (pictured). I hadn’t looked at the nest for several days and was getting worried because I thought that perhaps my initial disturbance had damaged the eggs. But I guess not.
Later in the afternoon I went back to take another look and they were gone. It was quite windy so I thought maybe they’d been blown from the nest. But I looked over the porch railing and saw nothing. So I guess they just flew away.
And I hardly knew ‘em.
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MUSEUM SCHEDULE: Beginning now the museum will be open six days a week from 11 AM to 3 PM. We will be closed on Sundays and Holidays. We are located at 727 Grand Street in Vermilion across the street from Vermilion's historic E&R Church. The museum is open Monday thru Saturday from 11 AM to 3 PM. A small admission donation of $3 (for adults) is requested. Children accompanied with an adult will be admitted free. For Special Tours call: 440-967-4555.
We are closed on Sundays and holidays.
Private tours during those hours and during the evening can be arranged by calling the museum, or stopping in to see us.
FIVE-OH-ONE-CEE-THREE: The museum is a 501(c)(3) organization. Consequently, all donations and memberships for the museum are tax deductible. This is retroactive to November of 2011.
Memberships for the VERMILION NEWS PRINT SHOP MUSEUM are always available. Funds generated will go toward the aforementioned renovations and maintenance of the shop.
If you would like to become a member the VNPSM you can send a check or money order to:
Vermilion Print Shop Museum727 Grand Street Vermilion, Ohio 44089440.967.4555.Cell:440.522.8397
LIKE US ON FACEBOOK:Take the time to visit us on Facebook. Click on the badge below and stop in. We'll keep adding pix as we go along. If you're in the area come on in. I try to be there in the a.m. most everyday. If you see a Chevy Silverado in the drive with the plate "MRCOOKR" stop by and see what's cooking.
Historically,
DON’T KNOW ANY OF THEM: I’m just throwing this one out there because I don’t know any of the faces in this (probably 1950s era) pic.
I’ve seen it before, but this is the best reproduction of it that I’ve thus far acquired. I made this myself from the film negative in our digital darkroom a few days ago.
Perhaps there is someone who lived in Elberta during the time this was taken who remembers or recognizes someone in the photo. I know they’re in costumes. But who knows?
VHS CLASS OF ’60 SEEKS “LOST” MEMBERS: The 1960 class of Vermilion High School is planning their 55th year reunion and there are several classmates whose addresses are unknown. The reunion is planned for Sunday, September 13, 2015, beginning at 2 P.M at the Vermilion Boat Club. There will also be other meet and greet opportunities in the two days before. We want to make every effort to contact all class members and we need the help of the public to make this possible. Please look at the following list of “lost” class members and, if you know their whereabouts, please contact SANDRA YEAMANS NEIDING AT 967-4190.
Missing are: Penny Clague, Judy Eagan, James Hill, Robert Holtcamp, Billy Kay, Mavis Keener, Judy Lowery, Ray Luna, Wayne Rohrbaugh and Marjorie Sipos. – Correspondent Sandy Neiding
A TRULY HISTORIC PHOTOGRAPH: Over the years I’ve written about or mentioned the church in the attending photograph more than a few times. Established in Vermilion Township nearly two hundred years ago (1818) fifty-three ministers have led its congregations to date. Many of the early ministers, like the Reverend Alvin Coe and Reverend Mr. Amassa Loomis, came as missionaries into the wilderness of the Ohio territory and helped establish several other houses of worship in the region. The first two church buildings were log structures; one along Risden Road; the other on the ridge near Furnace Corners (i.e. Darrow and State roads) south of the village.
On March 14, 1830, members voted to continue to recognize both the Presbyterian and the Congregational orders and discipline, but to maintain the Congregational system. In 1835 the Ohio House of Representatives granted the church Articles of Incorporation, to be known as the First Congregational Church of Vermilion, Huron County, Ohio. (Erie County was not formed until 1838).
Also in 1838 church trustees purchased Lot 130 on the public square in the new Village of Vermilion on which to build a new church. The site was just north of the present Township Hall. There they erected a brick structure with white steeple and trim, 60 feet in length by 45 feet in width and 27 feet in height. The cost was not to exceed $2,000. The brick walls were ordered to be at least 16 inches thick and windows with stone caps and sills. All to be accomplished in “a good and workmanlike manner."
Within months of purchase, the foundation had been laid and fund-raising efforts begun. Pews were" sold" for this purpose at prices ranging from $10 to $86, with the more affluent families buying several. The pew plan of the little church, with seat owners and prices paid, is still intact. In the memoirs of Mrs. Elizabeth Sherod she relates that parishioners “donated timber, and the shake shingles were made by hand. The bricks were molded and fired at the Faber Brick Yard." Unfortunately, problems arose of a financial nature that resulted in a delay in church construction. But by 1843 the building had been completed. And on December 20th of that year the church was formally dedicated in a sermon given by the Reverend Jotham Goodell: “For God this house was built, and now, to God, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, be it ever consecrated. Within these sacred walls may the saints often draw water out of the wells of salvation.”
In 1854, “The Bell Society” - likely the church’s first women's group – was organized. Raising funds via church suppers and sunbonnet and shirt sales they were able to purchase a bell cast in Paul Revere’s foundry from the First Presbyterian Church on Cleveland's Public Square. While there is no record of the price they paid for the bell, it is said that the 3,000-pound bell was transported to the Vermilion church by two yokes of oxen.
In 1883 a beautiful township hall was been built on the lots just to the south of the church. And by the year 1885 the little congregation had become a much larger one. Moreover, the little church had become old church; with its bricks crumbling and was in a "generally dangerous condition." In response to these conditions a committee was established to solicit funds for a new building. And the following year the walls were taken down; the bricks were cleaned and readied for use in the new foundation; (NOTE: New bricks were purchased for the sum of $13.50 for 2,250 bricks); and the bell was removed and polished for re-use in the steeple of the new church. While there had been some discussion of a brick building, due to the initial expense, it was decided that the new church would be (mainly) a clapboard structure.
The new church building was dedicated in a service on January 15, 1888. It is interesting to note that the bricks on the front of what is mainly a clapboard structure (currently the site of the Millet Auction House) are those that were part of the original brick church (i.e. the one pictured).
This c.1885 photograph of the original church was apparently captured by a well-known Vermilionite named Jacob Abell. Mr. Abell was the town barber. But more than that (at least to myself and other local historians) he was, as may be obvious, one of Vermilion’s very able (excuse the pun) early photographers. I am able (again, excuse the pun) to date the photo because township officials did not enlarge the horse sheds (just visible at the back left side of the church) to accommodate parishioners until 1884. And though I’ve seen numerous drawings of the church this is the very first true photograph I’ve ever seen of it. As photographs of yesteryear in Vermilion, Ohio go this one is truly historic. Few photos from this period of time in our town have been made available to the public. It is in a word, magnificent.
AGAIN - ANOTHER NEW (NOW OLD) THING: Initially I said that "This will not take the place of the "Macabre" stuff all the time - but will supplement whilst I search for more macabre stories to tell." But methinks that it's carved out a niche for itself and the "Macabre stuff" with have to find another.
So stay tuned...
“Vermilion vs. Eberhards at Crystal Beach Sunday afternoon.”
The Vermilion, Ohio Independents will stock up against their worthy opponents, the Eberhards of Cleveland, Ohio on the coming Sunday afternoon July 20th at Crystal Beach Vermilion, Ohio.
The coming game will make the second contest that these two teams have met in and as the Eberhards were the victors in that game by the close score of 5-2, the coming game should be a hummer as the Independents will endeavor to make the series stand a tie.
The game will be called at promptly 2:30 p.m.
Ladies admitted free to the game.
Dave Miller will officiate as “umps”.
On the coming Saturday afternoon, the Independents will stock up against the Mahon and Roth, City Leaguers, on the American League grounds at Cleveland, Ohio.
Klein; a former Vermilionite will twirl against the Independents and an interesting game is assured.
This game will be called at 3 p.m.
The Kendeigh property on Church street in Amherst has been sold to S. Mendelssohn of Elyria. He purchased the property for the Brown Clutch company which will be moved to Amherst from Elyria and will manufacture the safety clutch patented by Mr. Brown.
The company is controlled by Elyria capitol.
[VV. Ed. Note: The Brown Clutch Company was founded in 1905 in Sandusky, Ohio. I didn’t find any other info about the company as of yet.]
Two men were drowned in the river at Lorain Monday while waiting at the ferry while a boat passed. The railing at the dock where a large crowd of workmen had gathered to cross gave way throwing about fifteen employees of the shipyard into the water. All escaped but two. The question of a bridge across the river at this point I again being agitated.
Mrs. Joseph Crane, Mrs. Carl J. Washburn and F.J. Gibson of Oberlin were more or less bruised by a collision on the Green line at the Car Barns south of Elyria at 2 p.m. Wednesday. Car No. 123 which was in the terrible wreck on May 30th was on a siding to let No. 130 pass, the latter car took the switch instead of the Main track and both were badly wrecked. The injured were taken to the hospital.
Heirs of Morris A. Bradley to Lewis U. Todd, lots in Vermilion village, $380.
Lewis U. Todd to Albert R. Rumsey, lots in Vermilion village, $1.
The purpose for which Oak Point is to be used is still a mystery and some are now venturing the statement that no one knows excepting the people back of the deal.
It is even possible that Knox, and the attorneys who are in the employ of the parties who are backing the project do not know but are “obeying orders.”
It is a most unusual thing for any such deal to remain a secret for so long a time. We were promised a solution of this mystery last week but the premise failed.
Mr. Robert Jones Surfman went to Sandusky Monday to fire on a harbor tug for the summer.
The farmers are very busy this week harvesting their wheat.
There are two very large camps down on the river, they make their presence known to all of the neighborhood by their noise on Saturday and Sunday Evenings. I think they must have a little too much tanleg [sic] too, or more likely the river water don’t’ agree wit them.
[VV. Ed. Note: I’m fairly certain that the reference is to alcohol. I also wonder if one of the “camps” might have been the boys at the Olympic Outing Club. That would make some sense (at least to me). Interesing.]
Mrs. W.F. Washburn is spending the week with her daughter Mrs. A.D. Baumhardt [sic].
Mr. C. Hostteler [sic] and Misses Miller attended buffalo Bills’ show at Sandusky last Thursday, also went to Cedar Point the same day.
Miss Anna Kropf, Deaconess of Light and Hope Mission is visiting her father and sister.
Conrad Nuhn is improving the looks of his house by a coat of paint.
Albert Brill is assisting B.N. Goodsell with his farm work.
Orra Jump has been picking raspberries.
Albert Kneisel had the misfortune to break a bone in his arm last Sunday evening.
Little Ernest Fichtel is quite sick at this writing.
Notwithstanding the extreme heat of last Thursday the Ladies society which was held at Mrs. Thompsons was a great success. They always are at Mrs. Thompsons.
Mrs. Mae Berk’s brother Eddie Durling was killed in the wreck, which took place in Michigan last Saturday morning. He, with his uncle, Ben Durling were both on the excursion train and both met with fatal injuries. The mother and Mrs. Berk took the first car west Sunday morning to meet the remains. He leaves a sorrowing group of sisters and his mother who have the heartfelt sympathy of everyone.
[VV. Ed. Note: On July 20, 1907 an excursion train carrying 800 passengers from Ionia to Detroit collided (head on) near Salem with a freight train, killing 31 and injuring 101. The accident apparently happened because of a hand-written schedule on unlined paper whose columns did not line up, and was misread by the freight crew. An investigation cited safety violations, including use of pine instead of oak for car walls and the omission of steel plates required for mail cars. This was Michigan's worst rail disaster.]
Mr. Wheeler, along resident of Birmingham died last Sunday night. His wife, who survives him is in very poor health.
Mr. Aumand who has been living in Elyria is here tearing down to build up again his house and will return to Birmingham to live when it is finished.
Mrs. A.V. Sparr is among the sick.
Walter Bonser, the well-known contractor, will do all the brick and ironwork on the new school building. Schmitz and Gray have ordered stone for the building and six stonecutters have been secured. It has been difficult to secure teams to haul the stone.
Geo. Jenne was seriously injured and Geo. Hollings wee slightly bruised by having a load of hay, which they were hauling for the Cleveland Stone co. capsized. The accident occurred about two miles north of Kipton.
Word comes of the birth of a girl to Mr. and Mrs. Henry Shart of Orange, Texas last Wednesday, consequently grandpa and grandma R.C. Schaffer, are rejoicing.
Capt. Wm. Blattner was home Tuesday evening while his boat was at Huron. Wm. and Geo Blattner and Chas Corbin who sail with him were also home.
Capt. Moody was at home with his family who has been with the Capt. on the lakes.
Mr. and Mrs. W.B. Houseman and daughter of Lorain were the guest of E.T. Bottomley and family over Sunday.
Wm. Leidheiser who recently purchased the Thompson place on Grand St. is improving the property by having the interior papered and painted. Wm. Englebry has charge of the job. A stone walk is also being laid to the door form the street.
Mr. and Mrs. John Ries of Lorain spent Saturday and Sunday the guests of Mrs. Ries’es [sic] parents Mr. and Mrs. G.E. Whitmore and to her relatives. Mrs. Ries drove over with her new pony and rig. It is a handsome outfit.
[VV. Ed. Note: In the museum archives there is a pic of Hattie (Mrs.) Ries driving that rig with her “pony”.]
WANTED – Male and female help during the Chautauqua at Ruggles Beach. Apply to C.H. Ruggles, Huron, O.R.F.D. No 2 or telephone.
WANTED – At once. Boys and Men.The F.W. Wakefield Brass Co.
C.F. Decker is remodeling his house on South St.
A little son came to live with with mr. and Mrs. A.T. Becker Friday.
Mrs. Geo. Rathbun was in Cleveland Sunday where the boat on which her husband sails was in port. Mr. Rathbun came to Vermilion Monday.
Linwood Park will be honored this year – Saturday, August 3rd, U.S. Senator J.B. Foraker and congressman G.E. Mouser will be the speakers at the Farmer’s Picnic in above date.
Quite a number of our sailors are home on account of the iron ore strike.
[VV. Ed. Note: Tired of ethnic discrimination as well as dangerous working conditions, low wages, and long work days, immigrant iron miners on the Mesabi Range in northeastern Minnesota went on strike on July 20, 1907. Their strike lasted only two months before it was suppressed with strikebreakers, but it was notable for being the first organized strike on that state's Iron Range.]
Miss Margaret Delker was the recipient of a souvenir Monkey from Cedar Point Thursday.
Hmmmmmm....
VERMILION’S SINGING MAYOR: He was Mayor of Vermilion, Ohio from 1940 to 1945. My sister (Nancy Alice Emery) always refers to him as Vermilion’s “Singing Mayor”. That’s because Leonard Osberg, I have been told, had a wonderful singing voice and while Mayor opened most events about town with a song.
He was born in Sandusky, Ohio on the 5th day of May in 1893. His pa, Karl, was a druggist and in later years worked for a motor company. Both parents were of German heritage. Leonard as well as his younger brother Carl loved music.
After graduating from high school in Sandusky he served as Regimental Sergeant Major in the 83rd Division Headquarters in Le Mans, France during World War I. He was responsible for all their personnel files and records. While serving in France he met a lady named Anne Marie Decamp. Her father was Chief of Music for the French Army’s Fourth Corps. Leonard and Ann Marie were married in Detroit in 1921. Their daughter Nadine (Furgason) was born in Le Mans during a return visit.
As one might guess from the photo taken of him at the side door of the Vermilion News building on Grand Street, Leonard was also a professional archer. He competed nationally and wrote some about the sport in the NEWS. [We don’t really give it much thought, but it is an ancient exercise. Before gun powder and sliced bread mankind used bows and arrows to gather food and settle disputes.]
Prior to joining the Wakefield Company Osberg worked in real estate in Ohio and Michigan. He then took a position in Industrial Relations at the Plum Brook Ordinance Works in Sandusky and, finally came to work in Vermilion for the Wakefield Company where he held the position of Personnel Director.
Outside the company he was a nationally recognized archer / bowman, was song leader and a past-president of the Vermilion Rotary Club, and had served three terms as the Mayor of the Village (1940-1946). It was during his first term of office that Vermilion’s landmark water tower (now surrounded by Rotary Park) was built. Residents (as mentioned) referred to him as the “singing Mayor” because of his love for music and singing. During his years in office he had also been a member of Vermilion’s well-known Rube Quartette.
Leonard was not only a Republican (politically), but he was very vocal about his political views during the 40s and 50s. He wrote a column for the NEWS during those years, and I’ve come across at least one letter published in the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
I vaguely remember him. He and his French-born wife (Anne Marie) lived in the duplex house just north of the old Congregational church (currently the Millet Auction House) on Division / Main Street. His brother, Karl, married Virginia “Ginny” Haines. And a younger sister, Elizabeth, married Dr. V.B. White. Another sister, Lenore, was married to someone with the last name of Wolfenden. She kept a house on State Street. The family were extremely eccentric and talented people.
We should all be so lucky.
THE FIRE-LANDS: I found the following information re: the early inhabitants of our area to be extremely informative. Methinks you will also.
I am getting better at transcribing these passages so there are fewer mistakes. But I like to read as I go - and sometimes I fill in the blanks. So tread carefully this trail through yesteryear.
The following series will take thee to the townships south of Vermilion. Methinks you'll find this history quite fascinating.
…been Revs. John Kellam, J. Williams, B. D. Jones, A. J. Wells, Geo. McKillip, M. D. Chilson, 0. Lawrence and H. G. Dubois. The present incumbent is Rev. S. Z. Kaufman. The class leaders are H. H. Daniels, John Streeter, Frederick Stillson; Samuel Gault, steward; Samuel Gault, Frederick Stillson, John Richards, John Streeter, Frank T. Daniels, trustees. The church has a membership of about fifty persons. Both the Congregational and Methodist churches are located at the center.
There is another—the Lutheran—situated in the southeast part of the township. It was organized in 1853, and a house of worship was built the same year at a cost of three hundred and sixty dollars.
In 1824: a school house was built eighty rods east of the residence of Daniel Beach, and Betsey Sackett taught school there during the summer of that year. The second school was upon the north line of the township, and was taught by Jacob Roorback.
The earliest were Drs. Babb and Barker. The physicians from neighboring townships had most of the practice in the early years of Ruggles' existence as a settlement. Dr. G. W. Paddock practiced here for a short time, and Dr. A. D. Skellenger between two and three years. Dr. 0. L. Andrews, farmer and physician, is the only medical man now resident in Ruggles.
The only village that ever existed in the township was at Ruggles corners, upon the Wooster and Norwalk road. There were several mercantile and mechanical concerns at this point, as well as a tavern and quite a cluster of dwelling houses. The place was sustained by the tanning interests of the Norwalk road, and when the C., C., C. & I. R. R. was established, as it destroyed the wagoning business, the little village soon dwindled away, and eventually entirely disappeared. The people of Ruggles were not sorry for this, because Ruggles corners had always been a reproach to the neighborhood, a place of resort for drinking men and bad characters, sustained by the teamsters, who were nearly all tipplers, and many of them notoriously desperate characters. A double log tavern was built here by one Keeler. It was kept open by him and by others for several years, and was the principal place for the sale of whisky and the resort of whisky drinkers. For the last twenty years no liquor has been sold in the township, a fact of which the people of Ruggles are justly proud.
MAURER-WIKEL: I suppose there is (somewhere) someone with a few hundred of these. But this is the only one acquired by the NEWS history museum thus far.
Because my big brother, Al, worked for the dairy for so many year we do have numerous Maurer-Wikel milk bottles (big and small). This, however, is the first creamer bottle we’ve obtained. And far more important is the cap in the bottle.
Just how cool is that?
Bob was riding a Harley on the highway and is pulled up by a police officer, also on a bike. The officer says, "Pull over", and the driver pulls over to the side of the road.
Bob says, "I'm sorry, officer, was I speeding?". The police officer says, "No, mate, but your wife fell off a couple of miles back".
Bob replies, "Oh, that explains it. I thought I was going deaf."
LOCAL ANNOUNCEMENTS: After giving it much thought this link has been "put-down". During the last year most of the folks who used to use this page as a bulletin board have acquired their own and, consequently, no longer need this forum from "Views". I have, however, kept links (in the links section) to Larry Hohler's "Hope Homes" in Kenya - and to Bette Lou Higgins' Eden Valley Enterprises sites. They are historically and socially relevant projects. I suggest that you visit these sites on a regular basis to see "what's shakin'".
Persons interested in the history of the Lake Shore Electric Railway (which was the subject of a recent past podcast series) - "the greatest electaric railway system on the planet" may want to go to Amazon.com and purchase a book called "Images of Rail - Lake Shore Electric Railway". It was put together by Thomas J. Patton with the help of my friends DENNIS LAMONT and ALBERT DOANE. It'd make a nice gift.
Another great book with Vermilion Roots is, "Grandmas’ Favorites: A Compilation of Recipes from MARGARET SANDERS BUELL by Amy O’Neal, ELIZABETH THOMPSON and MEG WALTER (May 2, 2012). This book very literally will provide one with the flavor of old Vermilion. And ye can also find it at Amazon.com. Take a look.
MARY WAKEFIELD BUXTON’S LATEST BOOK “The Private War of William Styron” is available in paper back for $15.00 with tax and can be purchased locally at Buxton and Buxton Law Office in Urbanna, ordered from any book store, Amazon.com or Brandylane Publishing Company. A signed, hard back edition may be purchased from Mrs. Buxton directly for $30.00 by writing her at Box 488, Urbanna, VA 23175 and including $6.00 for tax, postage and packaging.
THE BEAT GOES ON: This page is generated by a dreaded Macintosh Computer and is written and designed by (me) Rich Tarrant. It will change weekly ~ usually on Saturday. Bookmark the URL (Universal Resource Locater) and come back at your own leisure. Send the page to your friends (and enemies if you wish). If you have something to share with those who visit this page, pass it on. And if you see something that is in need of correction do the same. My sister, Nancy, is a great help in that respect. It only takes me a week to get things right. And follow the links. You might find something you like. If you experience a problem with them let me know. Also, if you want to see past editions of this eZine check the new archives links below.
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Vol.13, Issue 14 - June 13, 2015
© 2013 Rich Tarrant